BAGI KELOMPOK
Pa Mustofa Text 1

Using word processing in the classroom is not without its problems. At first, students’ lack of familiarity with the keyboard will make text entry slow. In many schools, keyboarding skills and touch typing are being introduced in the elementary school curriculum. Even when students can type reasonably well, word processing requires a lot of individual computer time. And giving adequate computer time can be a problem, because few elementary schools have more than one or two computers per classroom. Also, having something go wrong on the word processor can be frustrating to students. Selecting software with plenty of safety features can minimize problems, and peer instruction can relieve pressure on the teacher.

(Fundamentals of Computer Education)

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Pa Fauzan Text 2

Most of us think of teachers as persons who work directly with students and facilitate their learning. In addition, however, teachers spend considerable time managing the instructional process. Teachers are responsible for preparing lesson plans; collecting attendance data; developing, administering, and scoring texts; analyzing student-performance data and prescribing the next appropriate instructional activity; completing periodic grade reports; and preparing reports for the central office.

(Fundamentals of Computer Education)

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Bu Riskina Text 3

For years it was believed that our natural resources were free goods which, although wasted and exploited, would be replenished by nature. This nation did not recognize that it was destroying the ability of nature to maintain a balanced ecological system. Today many of our lakes and streams are too polluted to support plant and fish life. In strip-mine areas, the wasted land lies barren. Energy sources that took nature thousands of years to create are consumed within minutes. As indicated by these few examples, a realistic program of environment and energy conservation should be adopted by every business.

(Business: Its Nature and Environment)

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Bu Wuri Text 4

Fundamentally, history is the story of men’s efforts to get along with one another. It is as simple as that. But men have not found the problem of getting along together a simple one. At times they have tried to solve it with clubs and knives and arrows, with guns and tanks and poison gas. They have also sought through peaceful intercourse to overcome fear and suspicion of one another to the end that each might enjoy the fruits of his daily labor with some degree of security and safety.

(World History, Joseph Reither)

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Pa Andriya Text 5

Architecture, sculpture, and painting are the most permanent of the arts. Music and dance are the most perishable. Cave paintings and pyramids survive, but the music and dance of the ancient world are lost completely. Even with the music of much later times, where we have a great deal of material, we “have” it in a strikingly incomplete way. People think they know how a Beethoven sonata should sound, and they may indulge in the points of criticism of someone’s performance of it-but when we stop to think, we should ask: How did it actually sound to Beethoven? How do we know? It will be well to take up some of these questions at the outset of our study of music history, in order to understand some of its problems and peculiarities.

(A History of Art and Music, H. W. Janson and Joseph Kerman)

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Pa Mas’ud Text 6

Whenever Mary Jane and her husband have an argument, she begins to feel dizzy and to experience tight feelings in her chest. Jim has missed most of his major exams this semester-he always seems to get the flue or a bad cold at the wrong time. Gary sometimes wakes in the middle of the night with asthma attacks and has to be rushed to the hospital-adding another problem to his already stressful life. Ruth’s doctors are puzzled by the fainting spells she has from time to time-usually after tossing her temper and screaming at her children.

(Essentials of Life and Health)

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Pa Bastani Text 7

What makes people happy? The answer is more elusive than you might expect. Common sense tells us that people are happy when more good things than bad things happen to them. You are happy when you earn a promotion at work or a good grade at school, when you win an award, or when you receive a compliment. You are also happy when you rid yourself of a worry that made you unhappy-remember the opponent-process principle. For example, you become happy when you discover that the $500 fine you received for overdue library books was a mistake.
However, such events make people happy only for a little while. Most people do not become permanently depressed because of a single tragic event, and hardly anyone becomes permanently happy because of a single good event. A person who won a lottery a few years ago is not significantly happier than most other people are; a person whose spinal cord was badly injured a few years ago is only a little less happy than others are. As a the novelist Fyodor Dostoyevsky wrote concerning his years in prison, “Man is a creature that can get used to anything, and I think that is the best definition of him!”

(Introduction to Psychology)

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Pa Karni Text 8

What is the particular problem you have to resolve? Defining the problem is the critical step. The accurate definition of a problem affects all the steps that follow. If a problem is defined inaccurately, every other step in the decision-making process will be based on that incorrect point. A motorist tells a mechanic that her car is running rough. This is a symptom of a problem or problems. The mechanic begins by diagnosing the possible causes of a rough-running engine, checking each possible cause based on the mechanic’s experience. The mechanic may find one problem-a faulty spark plug. If this is the problem, changing the plug will result in a smooth-running engine. If not, then a problem still exists. Only a road test will tell for sure. Finding a solution to the problem will be greatly aided by its proper identification. The consequences of not properly defining the problem are wasted time and energy. This is also the possibility of hearing “What, that again! We just solved that problem last month, or at least we thought we did.”

(Introduction to Business)

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Pa Aman Text 9

There is a reason the Olympics are held every four years. It takes time to develop champions worthy of the ideal. And there is something in the human spirit that compels these athletes to go for the gold-no matter how often they may have gone for it in the past. Consider the two American athletes, a man and a woman, who made their last dash to Olympic glory as part of gold-medal relay teams whose performances stood the track stadium on its collective ear. The anchorman on the men’s team that set a world record was only an alternate when the games began. A team member’s injury gave him his chance. No matter. With baton in hand, his heart and feet carried him away from the field to sweet victory-which he then dedicated to his fallen teammate.

(The New York Times, 8/13/92)

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Pa Zidan Text 10

College students have to go to class for several hours each day. When in class, they are expected to listen very carefully to instructors and take many pages of notes. Also, they are required to spend much time reading some rather difficult textbooks that deal with various subjects. In addition, students have to put aside a few hours each day in order to do homework and to study in preparation for tests which come all too often. On top of all of this, they are often required to write essays and research papers

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Pa Haris dan A. Supiani Text 1

Ann’s first reaction to being told that she had only about a year to live was shock. She refused to believe that the diagnosis was correct, and even after obtaining several other medical opinions, she still refused to accept that she was dying. In other words, her initial reaction was one of denial.

(I Never Knew I Had a Choice, Gerald Corey and Marianne Schneider Corey)

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Pa raymon dan Amed Text 2

In addition to borrowing words from other languages, we create words as we need them. For example, we “blend” breakfast and lunch to form brunch and smoke and fog to form smog. We “compound” words by putting them together to label new concepts like downtime and spinout, and we make new words from the first letters of other words, as in the acronyms scuba (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) and radar (radio detecting and ranging). Business creates trademark words such as Xerox and Kleenex and we use them in a much more general way. Words, words, everywhere! You can see why the language is so rich!

(The Language of Learning, Jane N. Hopper and Jo Ann Carter-Wells)

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Bu Suli Text 3

A college student purchases a stereo. A home owner buys several cans of house paint. A manufacturer of tires purchases raw rubber, sulphur, and other materials and ultimately sells tires to automobile owners. A mining company sells coal to an electric utility company. All of the above have at least two things in common. First, they are quite ordinary transactions, occurring countless numbers of times. Second, they involve sales of goods. Thus we can hardly question the relevance of studying the law of sales.

(Business Law, alt. ed., Rate A. Howell, John R. Allison, and N. T. Henley)

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Bu Mar’atus dan Putri Text 4

Commercials in which screen stars, sports heroes, and prominent figures from all walks of life are used as salespeople are a proven type of commercial. The main concern in this type of commercial is to avoid staginess and artificiality. A viewer is all too ready to disbelieve the words of your prominent personality unless you phrase the message in comfortable, conversational language that fits your star salesperson. Keep the testimonial brief, natural, and believable, for even professional actors are not always capable of adjusting to selling roles.

(Advertising Copywriting, Philip Ward Burton)

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Pa Kasmudin dan Sumar Text 5

With the arrival of spring in a Canadian forest, a male white-throated sparrow whistles a song that sounds rather like “Sam Peabody, Peabody, Peabody”. He repeats the song thousands of times and with such clarity and consistency, we might wonder how he does it, and what good it does him. We might also wonder why male swamp sparrows and white-crowned sparrows living in the same forest have distinctive songs of their own. Do all those birds automatically “know” what they are supposed to sing the first time they do it, or do they learn something from their surroundings that influences the way they sing? Questions of this sort lead us into the world of animal behavior studies.

(Biology, Cecie Starr)

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Bu Lisa dan Erik Text 6

About six out of ten homes in the United States have cable TV through which they receive all television programs. These programs consist of broadcast transmissions that can ordinarily be received over the air (via a TV antenna), cable-originated programs (both nationally telecast shows, like MTV, and locally originated and telecast shows), distant broadcast stations (which beam their signal up to a satellite where it is then bounced down to other markets), and subscriber-paid, noncommercialized programming (such as HBO). Although there is an abundance of programs and stations that can be viewed, there is currently no defined and accepted geographic area which can be called a Cable TV Market.

(Introduction to Advertising Media, Jim Surmanek)

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Bu Karla dan Mursidah Text 7

Being naked sun-worshippers may be normal, even desirable behavior for some primitive peoples. It may also be considered positive activity among certain North American and European beach goers. But try doing it in the parking lot at the local mall and you will doubtless be arrested and held for psychiatric observation. Similarly, a lot of behavior that is permissible at a rock concert or at a showing of a cult horror film would be considered strange-even “sick”-at a college faculty meeting. Our point: what is considered psychologically healthy or unhealthy, or normal or abnormal behaviour can vary according to culture and according to situations within a culture.

(Healthy for Life, Brian K. Williams and Sharon M. Knight)

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